Which of the following can be a sign of shock in a patient?

An elevated respiratory rate can indeed be a sign of shock in a patient. Shock, which occurs when the body's organs and tissues do not receive enough blood flow, often results in the body attempting to compensate for decreased perfusion. One of these compensatory mechanisms includes an increase in respiratory rate as the body tries to increase oxygen intake and improve oxygen delivery to vital organs.

In shock states, particularly if hypovolemic or cardiogenic, the body may respond by increasing respiratory drive. This is because the tissues are not receiving adequate oxygen due to reduced blood volume or inadequate heart function, prompting the respiratory system to work harder. Increased respiratory rate can lead to hyperventilation, which may be an early sign that the body is struggling to maintain adequate oxygenation.

Understanding the physiological responses during shock is essential for nurses and healthcare providers in order to recognize clinical signs promptly and implement appropriate interventions.